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Taiwan Provincial Government

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Taiwan Provincial Government
臺灣省政府
Táiwān Shěng Zhèngfǔ (Mandarin)
Tâi-oân Séng Chèng-hú (Taiwanese)
Thòi-vân Sén Chṳn-fú (Hakka)
Seal of Taiwan Province
Agency overview
Formed1 September 1945 (as Office of the Chief Executive)
16 May 1947 (as Provincial Government)[1]
Preceding agency
Dissolved20 July 2018 (de facto)[2]
Superseding agency
JurisdictionTaiwan Province
Parent agencyExecutive Yuan
Websitewww.tpg.gov.tw
Taiwan Provincial Government
Traditional Chinese臺灣省政府
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTáiwān Shěng Zhèngfǔ
Wade–GilesT'ai2-wan1 Shêng3 Chêng4-fu3
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳThòi-vân Sén Chṳn-fú
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTâi-oân Séng Chèng-hú
Tâi-lôTâi-uân Síng Tsìng-hú

Taiwan Provincial Government is the nominal government of Taiwan Province in the Republic of China. Since 2018, its functions have been transferred to the National Development Council and other ministries of the Executive Yuan.[3]

History

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At the end of World War II, Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945. The Nationalist government started the process to takeover Taiwan on behalf of the Allies. The Taiwan Provincial Administrative Office was established by the Executive Yuan in Chungking on September 1, 1945. The office moved to Taipei on October 25, 1945. After the February 28 incident in 1947, the Executive Yuan decided to restructure the Provincial Administrative Office as a provincial government. On May 16, 1947, the Taiwan Provincial Government was established.

As the Republic of China progressively lost control of mainland China to Communist Party forces in the late 1940s and early 1950s, the national government relocated to Taiwan in late 1949. However, Taiwan continued to be governed by a provincial government even though from 1955 it was one of only two provincial governments still functioning (the other being Fujian province, controlling some islands off the mainland coast). The remainder of Fujian province still under Republic of China control was placed under military administration in 1956, and its provincial government was downsized and relocated to Taiwan island. This left Taiwan province as the only fully functioning provincial government. From 1967, a number of major cities in Taiwan were elevated to special municipalities directly controlled by the national government, and moved outside the jurisdiction of Taiwan province.

During the constitutional reform initiated in 1996, the ROC authorities decided to downsize the provincial structure due to the reasons that to solve the problem of overlapping personnel and administrative resources between the provincial and central governments, and cut excessive public spending.[4] The provinces were streamlined and ceased to be self-governing bodies in December 1998, with their administrative functions transferred to the National Development Council and other ministries of the Executive Yuan as well as second-tier local governments such as counties. However, the position of the Chairman of the Provincial Government and Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council are retained to comply with the Constitution.

In July 2018, all provincial governmental organs were formally abolished, with budget and personnel removed.[5]

Historical government buildings

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Historically, before the provincial government's duties and functions were handed to the Executive Yuan in July 2018, the provincial government was located in Taipei from 1947 to 1956, and in Zhongxing New Village from 1957 to July 2018.

Order First Second
Location Ch'êng-chung, Taipei City
(now Zhongzheng, Taipei)
Zhongxing New Village,
Nantou City, Nantou County
Date in use May 1947 to 1956 1957 to July 2018
Photo
Notes Currently the Executive Yuan building Currently the Office of the Zhongxing New Village Revitalization Project, National Development Council

Governor of Taiwan

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Official titles of the governor

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Year Full title Literal meaning Notes
Chinese Mandarin
(Pinyin)
Hokkien
(Pe̍h-ōe-jī)
1945–1947 臺灣省
行政長官
Táiwānshěng
Xíngzhèng
Zhǎngguān
Tâi-oân-séng
Hêng-chèng
Tióng-Kuaⁿ
Chief Executive of
Taiwan Province
The position of Chief Executive was temporarily part of the Executive Yuan as specified in the Taiwan Provincial Administrative Executive Office Organizational Outline (臺灣省行政長官公署組織條例 Táiwān-shěng xíngzhèng zhǎngguān gōngshǔ zǔzhī tiáolì) of September 20, 1945.
1947–1994 臺灣省政府
主席
Táiwānshěng
Zhèngfǔ Zhǔxí
Tâi-oân-séng
Chèng-hú Chú-se̍k
Chairman of Taiwan
Provincial Government
After the February 28 Incident, the Administrative Executive Office was reorganized as a provincial government. The title was often abbreviated as 省主席 shěngzhǔxí.
1994–1998 臺灣省
省長
Táiwānshěng
Shěngzhǎng
Tâi-oân-séng
Séng-tiúⁿ
Governor of
Taiwan Province
During the democratic reforms, the title "Governor" was first legally used in the Self-Governance Law for Provinces and Counties (省縣自治法) of July 29, 1994. The governor was directly elected by the people of the province.
1998–2018 臺灣省政府
主席
Táiwānshěng
Zhèngfǔ Zhǔxí
Tâi-oân-séng
Chèng-hú Chú-se̍k
Chairman of Taiwan
Provincial Government
Since the streamlining of the Taiwan Provincial Government in 1998, the government was headed by a provincial council of nine members, including one chairperson, all of which were appointed by the President. Since July 2018, no council members nor chairpersons were appointed.

List of governors

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All governors of Taiwan Province are codified in Chapter XI, Article 113, Section 2 of the constitution.

  Kuomintang   Non-partisan/ unknown   Democratic Progressive Party

Chief Executive

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Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
1 Chen Yi
陳儀
Chén Yí
(1883–1950)
August 29, 1945 April 22, 1947 Kuomintang

Chairperson of the Provincial Government

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Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
1 Wei Tao-ming
魏道明
Wèi Dàomíng
(1899–1978)
May 16, 1947 January 5, 1949 Kuomintang
2 Chen Cheng
陳誠
Chén Chéng
(1897–1965)
January 5, 1949 December 21, 1949 Kuomintang
3 K. C. Wu
吳國楨
Wú Guózhēn
(1903–1984)
December 21, 1949 April 16, 1953 Kuomintang
4 Yu Hung-chun
俞鴻鈞
Yú Hóngjūn
(1897–1960)
April 16, 1953 June 7, 1954 Kuomintang
5 Yen Chia-kan
(C.K. Yen)

嚴家淦
Yán Jiāgàn
(1905–1993)
June 7, 1954 August 16, 1957 Kuomintang
6 Chow Chih-jou [zh]
周至柔
Zhōu Zhìróu
(1899–1986)
August 16, 1957 December 1, 1962 Kuomintang
7 Huang Chieh
黃杰
Huáng Jié
(1902–1995)
December 1, 1962 July 5, 1969 Kuomintang
8 Chen Ta-ching
陳大慶
Chén Dàqìng
(1904–1973)
July 5, 1969 June 6, 1972 Kuomintang
9 Hsieh Tung-min
謝東閔
Xiè Dōngmǐn
(1908–2001)
June 6, 1972 May 20, 1978 Kuomintang
Chu Shao-hwa [zh]
瞿韶華
Qú Sháohuá
(1914–1996)
May 20, 1978 June 11, 1978 Kuomintang
As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government.
10 Lin Yang-kang
林洋港
Lín Yánggǎng
(1927–2013)
June 12, 1978 December 5, 1981 Kuomintang
11 Lee Teng-hui
李登輝
Lǐ Dēnghuī
(1923–2020)
December 5, 1981 May 20, 1984 Kuomintang
Liu Chao-tien
劉兆田
Liú Zhàotián
May 20, 1984 June 8, 1984 Kuomintang
As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government.
12 Chiu Chuang-huan
邱創煥
Qīu Chuànghuàn
(1925–2020)
June 9, 1984 June 16, 1990 Kuomintang
13 Lien Chan
連戰
Lián Zhàn
(1936–)
June 16, 1990 February 25, 1993[6] Kuomintang
Tu Teh-chi
凃德錡
Tú Déqí
February 27, 1993 March 19, 1993 Kuomintang
As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government.
14 James Soong
宋楚瑜
Sòng Chǔyú
(1942–)
March 20, 1993 December 20, 1994 Kuomintang

Governor

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Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
1 James Soong
宋楚瑜
Sòng Chǔyú
(1942–)
December 20, 1994 December 21, 1998 Kuomintang

Chairperson of the Provincial Government[citation needed]

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Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
15 Chao Shou-po
趙守博
Zhào Shǒubó
(1941–)
December 21, 1998 May 2, 2000 Kuomintang
Chiang Ching-hsien [zh]
江清馦
Jiāng Qīngxiān
(1942–2018)
May 2, 2000 May 19, 2000 Independent
As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government.
16 Chang Po-ya
張博雅
Zhāng Bóyă
(1942–)
May 20, 2000 February 1, 2002 Independent
First female chairperson. Concurrently held post of Minister of the Interior.
17 Fan Kuang-chun
范光群
Fàn Guāngqún
(1939–)
February 1, 2002 October 7, 2003 Democratic Progressive Party
18 Lin Kuang-hua
林光華
Lín Guānghuá
(1945–)
October 13, 2003 January 25, 2006 Democratic Progressive Party
Jeng Peir-fuh [zh]
鄭培富
Zhèng Péifù
January 25, 2006 December 7, 2007 Independent
As acting; Secretary General of the Provincial Government.
19 Lin Hsi-yao
林錫耀
Lín Xíyào
(1961–)
December 7, 2007 May 19, 2008 Democratic Progressive Party
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.
20 Tsai Hsun-hsiung
蔡勳雄
Cài Xūnxióng
(1941–)
May 20, 2008 September 10, 2009 Kuomintang
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.
21 Chang Jin-fu
張進福
Zhāng Jìnfú
(1948–)
September 10, 2009 February 26, 2010 Independent
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.
22 Lin Junq-tzer
林政則
Lín Zhèngzé
(1944–)
February 26, 2010 May 20, 2016 Kuomintang
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.
23 Shih Jun-ji
施俊吉
Shī Jùnjí
(1955–)
May 20, 2016 June 30, 2016 Independent
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio. Shortest serving chairperson.
24 Hsu Jan-yau
許璋瑤
Xǔ Zhangyáo
(1951–)
July 1, 2016 November 5, 2017 Independent
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.
25 Wu Tze-cheng
吳澤成
Wú Zéchéng
(1945–)
November 6, 2017 June 30, 2018[citation needed] Independent
Concurrently held post of Minister Without Portfolio.

Timeline

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Wu Tze-chengHsu Jan-yauShih Jun-jiLin Junq-tzerChang Jin-fuTsai Hsun-hsiungLin Hsi-yaoLin Kuang-huaFan Kuang-chunChang Po-yaChao Shou-poJames SoongLien ChanChiu Chuang-huanLee Teng-huiLin Yang-kangHsieh Tung-minChen Ta-chingHuang ChiehYen Chia-kanYu Hung-chunK. C. WuChen ChengWei Tao-mingChen Yi (Kuomintang)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ 臺灣省政府全球資訊網. tpg.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-08-22.
  2. ^ 中興新村活化專案辦公室揭牌 (in Traditional Chinese). China Times. 2018-07-21.
  3. ^ "Taiwan Provincial Government Official Website". Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  4. ^ Bi-yu Chang (24 March 2015), "The rise and fall of Sanminzhuyi Utopia", Place, Identity, and National Imagination in Post-war Taiwan, Routledge, pp. 136–138, ISBN 9781317658122.
  5. ^ "Taiwan Provincial Government Official Website". Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  6. ^ 歷任首長 [Past Chiefs]. tpg.gov.tw (in Chinese). Taiwan Provincial Gov't. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
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